Little words

sorry, excuse me

Source:*vinaProto-Slavic · “guilt”certain

Russian извините and Serbian izvinite 'un-guilt' you (*vina); the others ask, forgive or let it pass.

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English

sorry, excuse me

Polish

przepraszam

pʂɛˈpraʂam

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In all five languages

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Latin under Cyrillic

Russian
извини́теizvinite
ɪzvʲɪˈnʲitʲɪinherited
Also прости́те 'forgive'.
Ukrainian
ви́бачтеvybačte
ˈʋɪbatʃtɛdifferent word · вибача́ти 'to forgive' (cf. Polish wybaczyć)
Polish
przepraszam
pʂɛˈpraʂamdifferent word · Proto-Slavic *prositi 'to ask'
Literally 'I ask (pardon)'.
Czech
promiňte
ˈpromɪɲtɛdifferent word · Czech prominout 'to forgive', from minout 'to pass'
Bosnian-Croatian-Serbian
oprostiteопростите
oˈprostitedifferent word · Proto-Slavic *prostъ 'simple, free'
Standard-specific words: izvinite (Serbian) — The cognate of Russian извините; Bosnian uses both.
English
sorry, excuse me